# aiaio > aiaio (aiaio.academy) is a free, ad-free website that teaches how artificial intelligence works through 100 short illustrated lessons in 10 courses, from first steps for 3-year-olds to advanced topics such as transformers, RLHF and interpretability for adults. Each lesson has a “Like I’m 5” explanation, the big idea with real-world examples, a how-it-works activity, two quiz questions with explanations, a takeaway and a deeper note. Lessons are tagged with the AI4K12 Five Big Ideas. Full text of every lesson: https://aiaio.academy/llms-full.txt ## Courses - [First steps with AI](https://aiaio.academy/courses/first-steps-with-ai/): What AI is, in kid-sized pieces (Ages 3+) - [How machines learn](https://aiaio.academy/courses/how-machines-learn/): Examples, labels, rules and practice (Ages 6+) - [AI all around us](https://aiaio.academy/courses/ai-all-around-us/): Search, maps, phones, farms and more (Ages 7+) - [Inside the AI brain](https://aiaio.academy/courses/inside-the-ai-brain/): Models, features, networks and training (Ages 10+) - [Data, the fuel of AI](https://aiaio.academy/courses/data-the-fuel-of-ai/): Collecting, cleaning and reading data (Ages 11+) - [Chatbots and language models](https://aiaio.academy/courses/chatbots-and-language-models/): How LLMs read, write and reason (Ages 12+) - [Creating with AI](https://aiaio.academy/courses/creating-with-ai/): Pictures, stories, music, code and credit (Ages 10+) - [Fair, safe and responsible AI](https://aiaio.academy/courses/fair-safe-and-responsible-ai/): Bias, privacy, scams, wellbeing and rules (Ages 11+) - [Build with AI](https://aiaio.academy/courses/build-with-ai/): APIs, embeddings, RAG, agents and evals (Ages 14+) - [Core and advanced AI](https://aiaio.academy/courses/core-and-advanced-ai/): The maths and research behind modern AI (Adults) ## Lessons - [Hello, AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/hello-ai/): Some machines can learn - [Spot the pattern](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/spot-the-pattern/): What comes next? - [Machines all around](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/machines-all-around/): Helpers at home and outside - [Sort it out](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/sort-it-out/): Grouping things like a robot - [Talking helpers](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/talking-helpers/): How voice assistants listen - [Robot senses](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/robot-senses/): How machines see, hear and feel - [Robots and AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/robots-and-ai/): Not every robot is smart - [Practice makes better](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/practice-makes-better/): Learning by trying again - [Ask a grown-up](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ask-a-grown-up/): When to get help with AI - [Stay safe with AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/stay-safe-with-ai/): Pip’s golden rules - [Teach Pip](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/teach-pip/): Learning from examples - [Rules or learning?](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/rules-or-learning/): Two ways to make computers smart - [Data is AI’s food](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/data-is-ais-food/): Why examples matter - [Labels and names](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/labels-and-names/): Telling AI what’s what - [Good guess, bad guess](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/good-guess-bad-guess/): Why AI makes mistakes - [How AI sees](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/how-ai-sees/): Pictures are numbers - [How AI listens](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/how-ai-listens/): Turning sound into words - [Finding groups](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/finding-groups/): Learning without labels - [Learning from rewards](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/learning-from-rewards/): Points for good moves - [AI that plays games](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-that-plays-games/): From noughts and crosses to Go - [Why apps suggest things](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/why-apps-suggest-things/): Recommendations, explained - [How search finds answers](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/how-search-finds-answers/): Finding the best pages in a split second - [Maps and traffic](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/maps-and-traffic/): How apps find the fastest way - [Translating languages](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/translating-languages/): From one language to another - [Smart cameras](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/smart-cameras/): The AI inside your phone camera - [Spam filters](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/spam-filters/): Keeping junk out of your inbox - [Forecasting the weather](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/forecasting-the-weather/): How AI helps predict rain and storms - [AI in health and science](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-in-health-and-science/): Helping doctors and scientists - [AI on farms](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-on-farms/): Helping grow more food with less waste - [Robots and self-driving cars](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/robots-and-self-driving-cars/): Sensing, thinking, moving - [What’s a model?](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/whats-a-model/): The recipe AI writes for itself - [Features](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/features/): The clues an AI looks at - [Decision trees](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/decision-trees/): Asking questions to reach an answer - [Neural networks](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/neural-networks/): Tiny deciders that vote - [Training and testing](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/training-and-testing/): Practice, then the quiz - [Remembering vs understanding](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/remembering-vs-understanding/): Why memorising isn’t learning - [Learning from mistakes](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/learning-from-mistakes/): Getting warmer, step by step - [Thinking in chances](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/thinking-in-chances/): Probability and confidence - [Deep learning](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/deep-learning/): Why more layers help - [How AI recognises images](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/how-ai-recognises-images/): Filters, layers and convolutions - [Collecting data](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/collecting-data/): Where AI’s examples come from - [Cleaning data](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/cleaning-data/): Fixing mistakes before training - [Samples and fairness](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/samples-and-fairness/): Does your data represent everyone? - [Spotting trends](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/spotting-trends/): Reading charts like a data detective - [Averages and outliers](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/averages-and-outliers/): Summing up data with one number - [Correlation vs causation](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/correlation-vs-causation/): When two things move together - [Who labels the data?](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/who-labels-the-data/): The people behind AI - [Synthetic data](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/synthetic-data/): Made-up examples that help AI learn - [Big data and the cloud](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/big-data-and-the-cloud/): Storing and crunching enormous datasets - [Know your dataset](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/know-your-dataset/): Data labels for honest AI - [How chatbots write](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/how-chatbots-write/): Guess the next word - [Tokens](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/tokens/): Words in pieces - [How giant models learn](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/how-giant-models-learn/): Read, practise, get feedback - [Context windows](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/context-windows/): An AI’s working memory - [Temperature](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/temperature/): Creative or careful answers - [Attention](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/attention/): The idea behind transformers - [Step-by-step reasoning](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/step-by-step-reasoning/): Why thinking out loud helps - [When AI makes things up](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/when-ai-makes-things-up/): Hallucinations and fact-checks - [Fine-tuning](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/fine-tuning/): Teaching a model a new speciality - [Using chatbots wisely](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/using-chatbots-wisely/): Getting the best from AI helpers - [Pictures from words](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/pictures-from-words/): From noise to picture - [The AI toolbox](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/the-ai-toolbox/): Tools and better prompts - [Prompting like a pro](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/prompting-like-a-pro/): Context, examples and format - [Writing stories with AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/writing-stories-with-ai/): Your imagination in charge - [Music, voices and video](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/music-voices-and-video/): AI that makes sounds and movies - [Editing photos with AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/editing-photos-with-ai/): Magic erasers and their limits - [AI that sees, hears and talks](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-that-sees-hears-and-talks/): One model, many senses - [AI that writes code](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-that-writes-code/): Programming with a helper - [Credit and copying](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/credit-and-copying/): Being honest about AI help - [AI as a creative partner](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-as-a-creative-partner/): Your ideas, amplified - [Fair or unfair?](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/fair-or-unfair/): How bias sneaks in - [Privacy and your data](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/privacy-and-your-data/): What apps know about you - [Spotting fakes](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/spotting-fakes/): Is that photo real? - [Scams and AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/scams-and-ai/): Spotting tricks before they work - [AI and your wellbeing](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-and-your-wellbeing/): Healthy habits with smart tech - [AI for everyone](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-for-everyone/): Accessibility and inclusion - [Explainable AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/explainable-ai/): Asking AI to show its reasons - [AI and the planet](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-and-the-planet/): Energy, water and smarter choices - [AI and jobs](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-and-jobs/): How work is changing - [Rules for AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/rules-for-ai/): Keeping AI safe and helpful - [Using an AI API](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/using-an-ai-api/): Talking to AI with code - [Embeddings](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/embeddings/): Meaning as numbers - [RAG: answers from your documents](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/rag-answers-from-your-documents/): Retrieval-augmented generation - [AI agents](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/ai-agents/): Models that take steps - [System prompts and tools](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/system-prompts-and-tools/): Setting up an AI for your app - [Train your own classifier](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/train-your-own-classifier/): From examples to a working model - [Testing your AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/testing-your-ai/): Evals and red-teaming - [Speed, cost and tokens](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/speed-cost-and-tokens/): Running AI efficiently - [Shipping AI safely](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/shipping-ai-safely/): Monitoring, feedback and improvement - [Build your own AI](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/build-your-own-ai/): From idea to working app - [Vectors, matrices and tensors](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/vectors-matrices-and-tensors/): The language of neural networks - [Loss and gradient descent](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/loss-and-gradient-descent/): How models get less wrong - [Backpropagation](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/backpropagation/): Sharing out the blame - [The transformer, layer by layer](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/the-transformer-layer-by-layer/): The architecture behind modern LLMs - [Scaling laws](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/scaling-laws/): Why bigger models got better - [RLHF and preference tuning](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/rlhf-and-preference-tuning/): Teaching models what people prefer - [Reinforcement learning](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/reinforcement-learning/): Agents, rewards and policies - [How diffusion models work](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/how-diffusion-models-work/): From noise to images - [Interpretability](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/interpretability/): Looking inside the black box - [Alignment and AI safety](https://aiaio.academy/lessons/alignment-and-ai-safety/): Making AI do what we really intend ## Optional - [AI glossary](https://aiaio.academy/glossary/): 36 AI terms defined simply - [About aiaio](https://aiaio.academy/about/) - [Privacy](https://aiaio.academy/privacy/)